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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2021-6.3.17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-2861</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивные нарушения у лиц с избыточной массой тела и ожирением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive impairments in patients with overweight and obesity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-8525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черевикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherevikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> младший научный сотрудник лаборатории психонейросоматических патологий детского возраста</p><p> 664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Neuropsychosomatic Children’s Pathology</p><p>664003 Irkutsk, Timiryazev str, 16 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gothic.craze@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8451-9341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мясищев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myasishchev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> лаборант-исследователь лаборатории психонейросоматических патологий детского возраста Ф</p><p> 664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Assistant-Researcher at the Laboratory of Neuropsychosomatic Children’s Pathology </p><p>664003 Irkutsk, Timiryazev str, 16 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roulih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-9391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории психонейросоматической патологии детского возраста</p><p> 664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory of Neuropsychosomatic Children’s Pathology </p><p>664003 Irkutsk, Timiryazev str, 16 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vmpolyakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-0737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор </p><p> 664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sc. (Med.), Corresponding Member of the RAS, Director  </p><p>664003 Irkutsk, Timiryazev str, 16 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rychkova.nc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья, семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Public Scientific Institution Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черевикова И.А., Мясищев Н.А., Поляков В.М., Рычкова Л.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черевикова И.А., Мясищев Н.А., Поляков В.М., Рычкова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherevikova I.A., Myasishchev N.A., Polyakov V.M., Rychkova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2861">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2861</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. В современном обществе прирост населения с избыточной массой тела и ожирением увеличивается с каждым годом. Это подтверждает присвоенный рассматриваемой проблеме статус неинфекционной эпидемии 21 века. Вместе с тем, активно увеличивается количество научной информации о влиянии избыточного веса на различные аспекты жизнедеятельности человека, что, несомненно, требует системного обобщения имеющихся данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Представленный обзор литературы посвящен анализу современных научных исследований о специфике когнитивных нарушений у лиц с избыточной массой тела и ожирением.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Информационный поиск проводился с использованием интернет-ресурсов (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary. ru, frontiersin. org, sciencedirect. com, ncbi. nlm. nih. gov), анализировались литературные источники за период с 2001 по 2020 гг. по следующим ключевым словам: ожирение (obesity), избыточная масса тела (overweight), когнитивные функции (cognitive functions, cognitions), когнитивные нарушения (cognitive impairments).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В результате проведенного обзора литературных данных, были выявлены основные направления исследования взаимосвязи когнитивных нарушений с избыточной массой тела, а также связи когнитивной  дисфункции с ожирением. Представлена специфика диаметрально противоположных мнений в рамках каждого освященного направления. По результатам проведенного анализа выявленных направлений, в научной среде наиболее распространена точка зрения о наличие связи ожирения с когнитивными нарушениями. В связи с чем, авторами обозначены основные когнитивные нарушения, ассоциированные с лишним весом и опосредующие их механизмы. А также обозначена возрастная специфика изучаемой проблемы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Несмотря на то, что проблема связи ожирения, избыточной массы тела с когнитивными функциями является разносторонне изученной, выявлен дефицит данных о состоянии мышления, внимания, праксиса, гнозиса, и речи у лиц с лишним весом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. In modern society, the growth of the overweight and obese population increase every year. This confirms the status assigned to the problem under consideration as a non-infectious epidemic of the 21st century. At the same time, the amount of scientific information about the influence of excess weight on various aspects of human life is actively increasing. This undoubtedly requires a systematic generalization of the available data.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims</title><p>Aims. The presented literature review is devoted to the analysis of modern scientific research on the specificity of cognitive impairment in overweight and obese people.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Information search was carried out using Internet resources (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary.ru, frontiersin.org, sciencedirect. com, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), literature sources were analyzed for the period from 2001 to 2020 for the following keywords: obesity, overweight, cognitive functions, cognitions, cognitive impairments.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. As a result of the literature review, the main directions of research on the relationship between cognitive impairment and overweight, as well as the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and obesity, were identified. The specificity of diametrically opposed opinions within the framework of each consecrated trend is presented. According to the results of the analysis of the identified areas, in the scientific community the most common point of view is the presence of a connection between obesity and cognitive impairment. In this connection, the authors identified the main cognitive impairments associated with excess weight and their mediating mechanisms. And also the age specificity of the problem under study is indicated.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Despite the fact that the problem of the relationship between obesity, overweight and cognitive functions is comprehensively studied, there is a shortage of data on the state of thinking, attention, praxis, gnosis, and speech in overweight people.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>избыточная масса тела</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>память</kwd><kwd>внимание</kwd><kwd>мышление</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>overweight</kwd><kwd>memory</kwd><kwd>attention</kwd><kwd>thinking</kwd><kwd>age</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Правительства стран берут на себя обязательство способствовать прогрессу в изучении деменции и оказании помощи больным деменцией. 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