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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2021-6.2.9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-2733</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска тромботических осложнений и антитромботическая терапия кардиохирургических пациентов детского возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk Factors of Thrombotic Complications and Antithrombotic Therapy in Paediatric Cardiosurgical Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-4799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карахалис</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakhalis</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и трансфузиологии ФПК и ППС, 350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4;</p><p>заведующий отделением реанимации и анестезиологии № 9, 350086, г. Иркутск, ул. 1 Мая, 167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Transfusiology Department for Advanced Training, Mitrofana Sedina str. 4, Krasnodar 350063;</p><p>Head of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Department N 9, 1 Maya str. 167, Krasnodar 350086</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karakhalis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-4744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карахалис</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakhalis</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор, кафедра лучевой диагностики, </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident, Radiodiagnostics Department,</p><p>Mitrofana Sedina str. 4, Krasnodar 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mark_karakhalis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University;&#13;
Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital N 1</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карахалис Н.Б., Карахалис М.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карахалис Н.Б., Карахалис М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karakhalis N.B., Karakhalis M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2733">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2733</self-uri><abstract><p>Современное развитие кардиохирургической помощи пациентам детского и неонатального возраста претерпевает стремительный рост. Выполняемые сложные этапные реконструктивные вмешательства, частое использование инвазивного мониторинга сопряжены с высоким риском развития венозных и артериальных тромбозов.</p><p>Кардиохирургический пациент является по-своему уникальным, поскольку требует контролируемой антикоагуляции во время искусственного кровообращения. И конечно же большинство кардиохирургических пациентов предполагает антитромботическое сопровождение на протяжении всего периоперационного периода. Помимо медикаментозной поддержки оправданным считается реализация мер по управлению сосудистым доступом с целью минимизации рисков тромбоэмболических осложнений, которые могут оказывать влияние как на функциональный статус пациентов, так и на общую и межстадийную летальность.</p><p>Целью настоящего обзора явилась систематизация имеющихся данных о факторах риска, способствующих развитию тромботических осложнений у пациентов с врождёнными пороками сердца.</p><p>Информационный поиск проводился с использованием Интернет-ресурсов (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary. ru); в анализ были включены литературные источники за период 2015–2020 гг. По результатам проведённого анализа литературных данных были описаны возраст-ассоциированные особенности системы гемостаза у пациентов с врождёнными пороками сердца, и связанные с патофизиологией дефектов и выполняемых реконструктивных вмешательств. Освещены вопросы патофизиологии унивентрикулярных врождённых пороков сердца и сопряжённые с ними факторы риска развития тромбоза. Кроме того, обсуждаются аспекты интраоперационного антитромботического сопровождения, а также меры по профилактике тромбоэмболических осложнений в данной популяции пациентов.</p><p>Координированные действия гематологов, кардиологов, анестезиологов и кардиохирургов позволят достичь тонкого баланса между рисками кровотечения и тромбоза в популяции пациентов детского возраста, подвергаемых сердечно-сосудистым вмешательствам. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of cardiosurgical care for paediatric and neonatal patients is undergoing the rapid growth. Complex, multi-stage reconstructive operations and the use of invasive monitoring are associated with high risk of venous and arterial thrombosis.</p><p>The cardiac surgery patient is inherently unique, since it requires controlled anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Moreover, the most cardiovascular pediatric patients require antithrombotic measures over the perioperative period. In addition to medication support with the use of various groups of antithrombotic agents, vascular access management is justified in order to minimize the risk of thromboembolic complications, which can affect both the functional status, and common and inter-stage mortality.</p><p>The purpose of this review was to systematize the available data on risk factors contributing to the development of thrombotic complications in patients with congenital heart disease.</p><p>An information search was carried out using Internet resources (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary.ru); literature sources for period 2015–2020 were analysed. As a result of the analysis of the literature data age-dependent features of the haemostatic system, and associated with the defect pathophysiology, and undergone reconstructive interventions were described. The issues of pathophysiology of univentricular heart defects and risk factors associated with thrombosis were also covered.</p><p>Moreover, aspects of intraoperative anti-thrombotic support are discussed, as well as measures to prevent thromboembolic complications in this population.</p><p>Coordinated actions of haematologists, cardiologists, anaesthesiologists, intensivists, and cardiac surgeons will allow achieving a fine balance between risks of bleeding and thrombosis in the population of paediatric patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врождённые пороки сердца</kwd><kwd>детская кардиохирургия</kwd><kwd>коагуляция</kwd><kwd>тромбоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital heart disease</kwd><kwd>paediatric cardiac surgery</kwd><kwd>coagulation</kwd><kwd>thrombosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y, Chen S, Zühlke L, Black GC, Choy M-K, Li N, et al. 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