<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2019-4.5.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-2161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вертикальные роды как метод профилактики акушерских и перинатальных осложнений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vertical Delivery as a Method of Prevention of Obstetric and Perinatal Complications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мочалова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mochalova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии лечебного и стоматологического факультетов</p><p>672090, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39А, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Medical and Dental Faculties</p><p>Gorkogo str. 39A, 672090 Chita, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.mochalova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новокшанова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novokshanovа</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии лечебного и стоматологического факультетов</p><p>672090, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39А, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Teaching Assistant at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Medical and Dental Faculties</p><p>Gorkogo str. 39A, 672090 Chita, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sveta999.13.ru@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудров</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudrov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии лечебного и стоматологического факультетов </p><p>672090, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39А, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Medical and Dental Faculties</p><p>Gorkogo str. 39A, 672090 Chita, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mudrov_viktor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мочалова М.Н., Новокшанова С.В., Мудров В.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мочалова М.Н., Новокшанова С.В., Мудров В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mochalova M.N., Novokshanovа S.V., Mudrov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2161">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2161</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время существует большое количество мнений относительно правильности ведения физиологических родов, в частности это касается положения женщины в интранатальном периоде. Тактика современного акушерства должна обеспечивать безопасность материнства, что в перспективе обеспечивает процветание государства. Одним из альтернативных методов ведения родов является вертикальное положение женщины в интранатальном периоде. Весь спектр возможных положений женщины в интранатальном периоде описать невозможно, однако к распространённым относят положение лёжа (боковое, полулёжа, позиция литотомии, положение Тренделенбурга и т. д.) и вертикальное положение (сидя, с использованием стула для родов, стоя, стоя на корточках, стоя на коленях и т. д.). Мнение о том, как на исход родов влияет вертикальное положение матери в интранатальном периоде, весьма неоднозначно. Имеющиеся выводы авторов в этой области часто противоречат друг другу.Целью исследования явилось изучение роли вертикальных родов в снижении частоты акушерских иперинатальных осложнений.Материалы: литературные данные зарубежных и отечественных авторов за период с 1989 по 2017 годы.Методы: систематический анализ и обобщение литературных данных.Заключение. Несмотря на значительное количество исследований, определить универсальность вертикального положения в родах не представляется возможным, поэтому к отбору пациенток для ведения вертикальных родов следует подходить обдуманно. При наличии осложнений беременности следует отдать предпочтение классическим вариантам положения в родах. У женщин, имеющих низкий риск перинатальных осложнений, вертикальное положение может стать достойной альтернативой. Для профилактики развития кровотечения в III периоде родов и раннем послеродовом периоде женщине следует принять горизонтальное положение после рождения плода. Данное условие также необходимо соблюдать при осмотре родовых путей. Таким образом, рациональная тактика ведения родов заключается в определении оптимальной комбинации вертикального и горизонтального положений в различные периоды процесса родов с учётом удобства для самой роженицы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, there are many points of view on management of physiological labor, in particular, it concerns the intrapartum position of a woman. Tactics of modern obstetrics should ensure the safety of motherhood, which in future ensures the prosperity of the state. One of the alternative methods of delivery is the vertical position of a woman in the intrapartum period. It is impossible to describe the whole range of possible positions of a woman in the intrapartum period, the common ones being: lying position (lateral, reclining, lithotomy, Trendelenburg’s, etc.) or upright position (sitting, using a chair for childbirth, standing, squatting, standing on the knees, etc.). Opinions about how the vertical position of a mother in the intrapartum period affects the outcome of childbirth are quite ambiguous. The conclusions of various authors on that matter often contradict each other.The aim of the research was to study the role of vertical delivery in reducing the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications.Materials: publications of foreign and domestic authors within the period from 1989 to 2017.Methods: systematic analysis and synthesis of literature data.Conclusion: Despite a significant number of studies, it is not possible to determine the universality of the vertical position in childbirth, therefore, the selection of patients for the management of vertical childbirth should be approached carefully. In the presence of pregnancy complications, preference should be given to the classic version of the position in childbirth. In women who have a low risk of perinatal complications, an upright position can be a worthy alternative. To prevent the development of bleeding in the III stage of labor and the early postpartum period, a woman should take a horizontal position after the birth of the fetus. This condition must also be observed when examining the birth canal. Thus, the rational tactics of conducting childbirth is to determine the optimal combination of vertical and horizontal positions at different periods of the childbirth process, taking into account the convenience for the woman in labor. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>роды</kwd><kwd>положение</kwd><kwd>травматизм</kwd><kwd>болевой синдром</kwd><kwd>осложнение родов</kwd><kwd>состояние плода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>childbirth</kwd><kwd>position</kwd><kwd>injuries</kwd><kwd>pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>birth complications</kwd><kwd>fetal condition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Озолиня Л.А., Дажаева З.С., Сластен О.П., Бурденко М.В. Современные технологии родовспоможения. Акушерство. Патологии беременности и родов. 2009; (1): 82-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozolinya LA, Dazhaeva ZS, Slasten OP, Burdenko MV. Modern technologies of obstetric aid. Akusherstvo. Patologii beremennosti i rodov. 2009; (1): 82-86. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Изотова А.В. Доверие в системе «Врач-Пациент». Здоровье – основа человеческого потенциала: проблемы и пути их решения. 2009; 4(1): 137-143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izotova AV. Trust in the Doctor-Patient system. Zdorov’e – osnova chelovecheskogo potentsiala: problemy i puti ikh resheniya. 2009; 4 (1): 137-143. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саввина Н.В., Новгородова У.Р. Влияние школы позитивного материнства в снижение осложнений беременности и родов. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2015; (1): 26-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savvina NV, Novgorodova UR. The influence of the school of positive motherhood in reducing the complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Problemy sotsial’noy gigieny, zdravookhraneniya i istorii meditsiny. 2015; (1): 26-29. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоров А.И., Мухарлямова А.Ю. Социальные сети и их влияние на молодежь. Современные наукоемкие технологии. 2013; 7(2): 219-219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorov AI, Mukharlyamova AYu. Social networks and their impact on youth. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2013; 7(2): 219-219. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Jonge A, Rijnders ME, van Diem MT, Scheepers PL, Lagro-Janssen AL. Are there inequalities in choice of birthing position?: Sociodemographic and labour factors associated with the supine position during the second stage of labour. Midwifery. 2009; 25(4): 439-448. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2007.07.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Jonge A, Rijnders ME, van Diem MT, Scheepers PL, Lagro-Janssen AL. Are there inequalities in choice of birthing position?: Sociodemographic and labour factors associated with the supine position during the second stage of labour. Midwifery. 2009; 25(4): 439-448. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2007.07.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta JK, Sood A, Hofmeyr GJ, Vogel JP. Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; (5): CD002006. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002006.pub4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta JK, Sood A, Hofmeyr GJ, Vogel JP. Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; (5): CD002006. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002006.pub4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawrence A, Lewis L, Hofmeyr GJ, Dowswell T, Styles C. Maternal positions and mobility during first stage labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; (2): CD003934. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD003934.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawrence A, Lewis L, Hofmeyr GJ, Dowswell T, Styles C. Maternal positions and mobility during first stage labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; (2): CD003934. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003934.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DiFranco JT, Curl M. Healthy birth practice #5: avoid giving birth on your back and follow your body’s urge to push. J Perinat Educ. 2014; 23(4): 207-210. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.207</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DiFranco JT, Curl M. Healthy birth practice #5: avoid giving birth on your back and follow your body’s urge to push. J Perinat Educ. 2014; 23(4): 207-210. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.207</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жаркин Н.А., Чернова Т.В., Анчакова О.С. Вертикальные роды: модерн в родовспоможении или забытая мудрость природы? Волгоградский научно-медицинский журнал. 2011; (1): 43-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zharkin NA, Chernova TV, Anchakova OS. Vertical childbirth: modern in obstetrics or forgotten wisdom of nature? Volgogradskiy nauchno-meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2011; (1): 43-45. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миникаева Л.Р. Роды свободного выбора как метод выбора ведения родов. Вестник Российского государственного медицинского университета. 2014; (1): 19-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minikaeva LR. Childbirth of free choice as a method of choosing the management of childbirth. Vestnik Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta. 2014; (1): 19-20. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айламазян Э.К., Новиков Б.Н., Павлова Л.П., Палинка Г.К., Рябцева И.Т., Тарасова М.А. Акушерство. Учебник для студентов медицинских вузов. СПб.: Спецлит; 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aylamazyan EK, Novikov BN, Pavlova LP, Palinka GK, Ryabtseva IT, Tarasova MA. Obstetrics. Textbook for medical students. Saint Petersburg: Spetslit; 1997. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kemp E, Kingswood CJ, Kibuka M, Thornton JG. Position in the second stage of labour for women with epidural anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013; (1): CD008070. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008070.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kemp E, Kingswood CJ, Kibuka M, Thornton JG. Position in the second stage of labour for women with epidural anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013; (1): CD008070. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008070.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motamedi M. The effect of the selective maternal position in active stage of labor. Shahrood University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Knowledge &amp; Health. 2009; 4(1): 31-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motamedi M. The effect of the selective maternal position in active stage of labor. Shahrood University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Knowledge &amp; Health. 2009; 4(1): 31-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воскресенский С.Л. Особенности маточной гемодинамики при схватках. Акушерство и гинекология. 1995; (8): 44-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voskresensky SL. Peculiarities of uterine hemodynamics in contractions. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya. 1995; (8): 44-45. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roberts CL, Algert CS, Cameron CA, Torvaldsen S. A meta-analysis of upright positions in the second stage to reduce instrumental deliveries in women with epidural analgesia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005; 84(8): 794-798. doi: 10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00786.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roberts CL, Algert CS, Cameron CA, Torvaldsen S. A meta-analysis of upright positions in the second stage to reduce instrumental deliveries in women with epidural analgesia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005; 84(8): 794-798. doi: 10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00786.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Golara M, Plaat F, Shennan AH. Upright versus recumbent position in the second stage of labour in women with combined spinal-epidural analgesia. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2002; 11(1): 19-22. doi: 10.1054/ijoa.2001.0921</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golara M, Plaat F, Shennan AH. Upright versus recumbent position in the second stage of labour in women with combined spinal-epidural analgesia. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2002; 11(1): 19-22. doi: 10.1054/ijoa.2001.0921</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lurie S. Euphemia Maclean, Agnes Sampson and pain relief during labour in 16th century Edinburgh. Anaesthesia. 2004; 59(8): 834-835. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03891.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lurie S. Euphemia Maclean, Agnes Sampson and pain relief during labour in 16th century Edinburgh. Anaesthesia. 2004; 59(8): 834-835. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03891.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gizzo S, Di Gangi S, Saccardi C, Patrelli TS, Paccagnella G, Sansone L, et al. Epidural analgesia during labor: impact on delivery outcome, neonatal well-being, and early breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med. 2012; 7(4): 262-268. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2011.0099</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gizzo S, Di Gangi S, Saccardi C, Patrelli TS, Paccagnella G, Sansone L, et al. Epidural analgesia during labor: impact on delivery outcome, neonatal well-being, and early breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med. 2012; 7(4): 262-268. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2011.0099</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simkin P. The fetal occiput posterior position: state of the science and a new perspective. Birth. 2010; 37(1): 61-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2009.00380.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simkin P. The fetal occiput posterior position: state of the science and a new perspective. Birth. 2010; 37(1): 61-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2009.00380.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жежа С.В. Состояние плода в родах в зависимости от положения тела роженицы и ее гемодинамике: автореф. дис. …канд. мед. наук. Челябинск; 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhezha SV. The state of a fetus in childbirth, depending on the position of the body of a woman and her hemodynamics: Abstract of the Dissertation of the Candidate of Medical Sciences. Chelyabinsk; 2013. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Серов В.Н., Стрижаков А.Н., Маркин С.А. Практическое акушерство. М.: Медицина; 1989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serov VN, Strizhakov AN, Markin SA. Practical obstetrics. Moscow: Meditsina; 1989. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suzuki S. Birthing postures and birth canal lacerations. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017; 30(10): 1243-1246. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1209654</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suzuki S. Birthing postures and birth canal lacerations. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017; 30(10): 1243-1246. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1209654</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warmink-Perdijk WDB, Koelewijn JM, de Jonge A, van Diem MT, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Better perineal outcomes in sitting birthing position cannot be explained by changing from upright to supine position for performing an episiotomy. Midwifery. 2016; 34: 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.01.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warmink-Perdijk WDB, Koelewijn JM, de Jonge A, van Diem MT, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Better perineal outcomes in sitting birthing position cannot be explained by changing from upright to supine position for performing an episiotomy. Midwifery. 2016; 34: 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.01.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Jonge A, van Diem MT, Scheepers PL, van der Palde Bruin KM, Lagro-Janssen AL. Increased blood loss in upright positions in childbirth is due to damage of the perineum. BJOG. 2007; 114(3): 349-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-528.2006.01210.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Jonge A, van Diem MT, Scheepers PL, van der Palde Bruin KM, Lagro-Janssen AL. Increased blood loss in upright positions in childbirth is due to damage of the perineum. BJOG. 2007; 114(3): 349-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01210.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ушакова Г.А., Петрич Л.Н. Современные подходы к оценке сердечного ритма плода (обзор литературы). Мать и дитя в Кузбассе. 2016; (1): 14-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ushakova GA, Petrich LN. Modern approaches to the assessment of fetal heart rate (literature review). Mat i ditya v Kuzbasse. 2016; (1): 14-20. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кулаков В.И. Возможности антенатальной компьютерной кардиотокографии в оценке состояния плода в III триместре беременности. Акушерство и гинекология. 2001; (5): 12-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulakov VI. Possibilities of antenatal computer cardiotocography in assessing the state of the fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya. 2001; (5): 12-16. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коган И.Ю., Полянин А.А., Павлова Н.Г. Оценка функционального состояния плода при беременности и в родах. Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 2003; (2): 110-115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kogan IYu, Polyanin AA, Pavlova NG. Evaluation of the functional state of the fetus during pregnancy and childbirth. Zhurnal akusherstva i zhenskikh bolezney. 2003; (2): 110-115. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильенко Л.И., Смирнова Л.М., Гайнова Л.В. Вертикальные роды как альтернативный способ родоразрешения (с позиции акушера и педиатра). Журнал практического врача акушера-гинеколога. 2002; (1): 7-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilyenko LI, Smirnova LM, Gaynova LV. Vertical delivery as an alternative method of delivery (from the position of an obstetrician and a pediatrician). Zhurnal prakticheskogo vracha akushera-ginekologa. 2002; (1): 7-18. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власюк В.В. Родовая травма и перинатальные нарушения мозгового кровообращения. СПб.: Нестор-История; 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasyuk VV. Birth injury and perinatal cerebral circulation disorders. Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya; 2009. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
