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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2019-4.3.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-2089</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейрогенная дисфункция мочевого пузыря у онкобольных,  оперированных на органах малого таза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in Cancer Patients after Operations  on the Pelvic Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онопко</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onopko</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Онопко Виктор Фёдорович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры нейрохирургии и инновационной медицины </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor F. Onopko – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine</p><p>ul. Krasnogo Vosstaniya 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">onopkovf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загайнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagainova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Андреевна Загайнова – врач-онколог, уролог</p><p>664035, г. Иркутск, ул. Фрунзе, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Zagainova – Оncologist, Urologist</p><p>ul. Frunze 32, Irkutsk 664035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagainova.irk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириленко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirilenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кириленко Елена Анатольевна – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры нейрохирургии и инновационной медицины</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kirilenko – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine</p><p>ul. Krasnogo Vosstaniya 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kirilenka2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Областной онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Regional Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Онопко В.Ф., Загайнова Е.А., Кириленко Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Онопко В.Ф., Загайнова Е.А., Кириленко Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Onopko V.F., Zagainova E.A., Kirilenko E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2089">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2089</self-uri><abstract><p>Обзор посвящён одному из наиболее часто встречаемых осложнений оперативного лечения онкологических больных с заболеваниями органов малого таза – нарушению мочеиспускания. Дизурия у этой категории пациентов чаще всего представлена недержанием мочи, детрузорной арефлексией, гиперактивным моче-вым пузырём. Авторы обобщили и проанализировали отечественные и зарубежные работы, описывающие механизм развития нейрогенной дисфункции мочевого пузыря, развивающейся после операций на органах малого таза у онкобольных. Согласно современным представлениям, в основе данных нарушений лежит травма тазовых нервов с прерыванием рефлекторной дуги. Довольно высокий уровень осложнений со стороны мочевой системы обусловлен и тесным анатомо-топографическим взаимоотношением органов малого таза, с одной стороны, и расширением показаний к радикальному хирургическому лечению, с другой. Нарушение функции мочевого пузыря представляет собой серьёзную проблему, требующую адекватных методов лечения, а также принятия мер профилактики мочевой инфекции.Учитывая сложную нейроанатомию мочевого пузыря, его близкое расположение с прямой кишкой и маткой, а также объём и радикальность онкологических операций, урологических осложнений избежать сложно, а часто невозможно. Однако тщательный сбор урологического анамнеза позволяет прогнозиро-вать развитие, тяжесть послеоперационных расстройств мочеиспускания, отличить имевшие место до операции симптомы дисфункции мочевого пузыря от развившихся в послеоперационном периоде. Их ранняя диагностика в послеоперационном периоде способствует своевременно начать комплекс лечебных и реабилитационных мероприятий, а значит повысить уровень качества жизни пациентов и избежать более тяжёлых урологических проблем в последующем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review is devoted to the generalization and analysis of domestic and foreign works describing the mechanism of development of neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder after surgery on the pelvic organs in cancer patients. All modern authors agree that the cause of these disorders is trauma of the pelvic nerves and interruption of the reflex arc. Unfortunately, when removing malignant tumors of the pelvic organs, urological complications are difficult and often impossible to avoid. This is due to the complex neuroanatomy of the bladder, its proximity to the rectum, the uterus, as well as the volume and radicality of cancer operations. The article shows that if the parasympathetic ganglia are damaged, there is a violation of the evacuation function of the bladder and a weakening or absence of the urge to urinate. If the sympathetic nervous system is damaged in isolation, on the contrary, an increase in the detrusor tone, intravesical pressure and a decrease in the capacity of the bladder is observed, which is in conditions of low bladder sphincter tone causes imperative urges, frequent urination and incontinence. Prior radiation therapy also affects the development of urological complications. Postradiated soft tissue changes, ischemia, fibrosis lead to great technical difficulties during surgery. In addition, factors that are important in the development of pelvic disorders in this category of patients include urinary system diseases and metabolic – endocrine disorders in case history.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>нейрогенная дисфункция мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>онкологический боль-ной</kwd><kwd>операции на органах малого таза</kwd><kwd>рак шейки матки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer patients</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd><kwd>neurogenic bladder dysfunction</kwd><kwd>surgery on the pelvic  organs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Басиашвили Г.Т., Хайруллина Г.Р., Ахмадеев Н.Р., Гатауллин И.Г., Ульянин М.Ю. Урологические осложнения операций на органах малого таза. 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