actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2018-3.6.2actabiomedica-1876Research ArticleБИОХИМИЯBIOCHEMISTRYПерестройка метаболизма и физиологических функций организма под воздействием стрессаMetabolism and Physiological Functions Adjustment of the Organism under Stress Influencehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2161-6034КолесниковаЛ. Р.KolesnikovaL. R.

Larisa R. Kolesnikova – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Pediatrics and Cardiovascular Pathology, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems; Teaching Assistant at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Irkutsk State Medical University

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003

l.kolesnikova2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-2502МакароваО. А.MakarovaO. A.

Olga A. Makarova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cytology

ul. Krasnogo Vosstaniya 1, Irkutsk 664003

lga2011@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2307НатягановаЛ. В.NatyaganovaL. V.

Larisa V. Natyaganova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Pathophysiology

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003

irklara@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4947-9118ДолгихМ. И.DolgikhM. I.

Maria I. Dolgikh – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Pathophysiology

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003

iphr@sbamsr.irk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-8219КорытовЛ. И.KorytovL. I.

Leonid I. Korytov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Normal Physiology

ul. Krasnogo Vosstaniya 1, Irkutsk 664003

Korytov@yandex.ruФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»; ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииScientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems; Irkutsk State Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииIrkutsk State Medical UniversityФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems201805012019361522Copyright © Колесникова Л.Р., Макарова О.А., Натяганова Л.В., Долгих М.И., Корытов Л.И., 20192019Колесникова Л.Р., Макарова О.А., Натяганова Л.В., Долгих М.И., Корытов Л.И.Kolesnikova L.R., Makarova O.A., Natyaganova L.V., Dolgikh M.I., Korytov L.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/1876

Стрессорная реакция организма представляет собой процессы, происходящие на клеточном, тканевом и системном уровнях. Организм на любое неблагоприятное воздействие отвечает многоуровневой реакцией, которая обуславливает развитие стресса, и, как следствие, адаптацию. Повреждающий эффект связан с чрезмерным усилением другого адаптивного эффекта – липотропного, который через катехоламины, протеинкиназы усиливает активность фосфолипаз и увеличивает интенсивность свободнорадикального окисления липидов. В иммунной системе изменения на стадии адаптации заключаются в поддержании антигенного гомеостаза внутренней среды организма за счёт лимфоидных клеток, лимфоцитов, цитокинов. Практически все клетки, при опредёленных условиях осуществляющие представление антигена, способны к продукции интерлейкина. Сосудистая система является своеобразным индикатором любого патологического процесса, определяя состояния регуляторных и адаптивных механизмов, особенности соединительнотканного матрикса. Стресс вызывает такую перестройку метаболизма и физиологических функций, которая повышает устойчивость организма к острой гибели. Таким образом, физиологический смысл стресс-реакции заключается в экстренной мобилизации энергетических и структурных ресурсов организма и создании положительного фона для осуществления реакций, направленных на поддержание гомеостаза в экстремальных ситуациях.

Stress reaction of the organism is a process occurring at the cellular, tissue and systemic levels. The organism responds to any adverse effect with a multi-level reaction, which causes the development of stress and, as a result, adaptation. The damaging effect is due to the excessive strengthening of another adaptive effect – lipotropic, that increases the activity of phospholipases and the intensity of free radical oxidation of lipids through the catecholamines and protein kinases. The changes in the immune system during the adaptation stage are to maintain antigenic homeostasis of the internal environment of the organism due to lymphoid cells, lymphocytes and cytokines. Almost all cells with antigen representation function are capable to produce interleukins under certain conditions. The vascular system is a kind of an indicator of any pathological process, determining the state of regulatory and adaptive mechanisms, the features of the connective tissue matrix. Stress causes a restructuring of metabolism and physiological functions, which increases the organism’s resistance to acute death. Thus, the physiological meaning of the stress reaction is the emergency mobilization of energy and structural resources of the organism and the creation of positive background for the implementation of reactions, aimed at maintaining homeostasis in extreme situations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.