In recent years, the number of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increased, which may be due to the increasing information stress and wide introduction of new information technologies. Manifestations of ADHD may be the cause of impaired social and school adaptation, learning difficulties, reduced academic achievements. The syndrome is believed to cause suffering to the frontal lobe of the brain, subcortical structures of the brain, reticular formation and stem structures. The features of the formation of the metabolic processes underlying the adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in children with different interhemispheric relations of brain and ADHD are studied insufficiently. Lipids form the basis of the central nervous system and the lipid matrix of cell membranes. The processes of lipid peroxidation have damaging effect on a cell by altering the structure of cell membranes. The aim of the study was to investigate peculiarities of the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, peroxidation that determine the normal functioning of metabolic and cellular homeostasis in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and different hemispheric relations. 54 children of 7-11 years, living in Irkutsk, were examined. Patients were characterized by the normal level of general mental development, the absence of anemia, endocrine diseases, by the absence in the anamnesis of craniocerebral traumas, neuroinfections, epilepsy, mental illness. Changes of metabolic reactions had distinct individual differences of patients, due to specific functional activity of the cerebral hemispheres.