actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problemsactabiomedica-1668Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSЗначение фармакогенетических исследований для персонализированного подхода фармакотерапии статинамиThe value of pharmacogenetic markers for personalized approach to the statins treatmentКохН. В.KokhN. V.natalikokh@gmail.comЛифшицГ. И.LifshitsG. I.noemail@neicon.ruИнститут химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН1nstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RASИнститут химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН; ФГБОУ ВПО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»1nstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS; Novosibirsk National Research State University20132809201305176180Copyright © Кох Н.В., Лифшиц Г.И., 20132013Кох Н.В., Лифшиц Г.И.Kokh N.V., Lifshits G.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/1668

В обзоре представлены наиболее значимые генетические маркеры, являющиеся факторами риска нежелательных лекарственных реакций на фоне приема статинов и/или ассоциированные с резистентностью к ним. Рассмотрены возможные практические рекомендации по индивидуальному назначению статинов пациентам с известным генотипом. Так, выявление варианта гена SLC01B1*5у пациента является фактором риска миопатий и рабдомиолиза, а гаплотип H7 гена HMGCR ассоциирован с меньшим снижением ЛПНП на фоне приема статинов. Патологическое влияние определенного генетического маркера модифицируется классом статина или рассчитанной индивидуальной дозой. Применение фармакогенетического тестирования позволит снизить частоту нежелательных эффектов статинов и повысить прогноз их эффективности у конкретного пациента. Однако необходимы дальнейшие исследования по трансляции данных тестов персонизированной медицины в клиническую практику.

This review presents the most studied genetic markers which are risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients who are treated with statins and/or associated with resistance to them. We have considered the possible practical advice for individual therapy with statins in patients with a known genotype. Identification of the gene variant SLCO1B1*5 is a risk factor for myopathy and rhabdomyolysis and HMGCR gene haplotype H7 is associated with less reduction in LDL cholesterol in patients receiving statins. Pathological effect of a particular genetic marker is modified by statin class or calculated personal dose. The use of pharmacogenetic testing will reduce the frequency of adverse outcomes of statins and make a prediction their performance in a specific patient. Howeverfurther studies on the translation of these personalized medicine tests to clinical practice are needed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.