actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problemsactabiomedica-1116Research ArticleЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В БИОЛОГИИ И МЕДИЦИНЕEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINEРЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ ЭВОЛЮЦИОННОЙ ИСТОРИИ ХАНТАВИРУСОВRECONSTRUCTING THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF HANTAVIRUSESЯнагихараР. ..YanagiharaR.ryanagih@hawaii.eduJohn A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaRussian Federation20122809201205(1)158162Copyright © Янагихара Р..., 20122012Янагихара Р...Yanagihara R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/1116

Разделение хантавирусов на клады., соответствующие молекулярной филогении грызунов (порядок Rodentia) в подсемействах Murinae, Arvicolinae, Neotominae Sigmodontinae означает, что хантавирусы, возможно, ко-эволюционировали с их резервуарными хозяевами. Недавно, однако, было высказано предположение, что сходство между филогенией хозяев и хантавирусов обусловлено процессами, смены, хозяев и локальной видоспецифичной адаптации. Демонстрация, того, что вирус Тоттапалайям - хантавирус, изолированный от. домовой мускусной землеройки (Suncus murinus) - раньше всех остальных дивергировал от остальных хантавирусов, стимулировала поиск доказательств того, что мелкие млекопитающие, которые занимают, те же экосистемы, что и грызуны, например, землеройки, (порядокSoricomorpha, сем. Soricidae), кроты, (сем. Talpidae) и летучие мыши (пор. Chiroptera), возможно, играли, заметную роль в эволюции и диверсификации хантавирусов. Архивные образцы тканей 1285 землероек (47 видов), 152 кротов (10 видов) и 329 летучих мышей (32 видов), отловленных в Европе, Азии, Африке и Северной Америке в период 1980-2012 гг., были, проанализированы, на наличие РНК хантавирусов с помощью ОТ-ПЦР. Осознание того факта, что новые хантавирусы, обнаруженные в землеройках, более генетически разнообразны, чем. хантавирусы, инфицирующие грызунов, наводит, на мысль о том, что эволюционная, история, хантавирусов более древняя, и сложная, чем. ранее предполагалось, и что грызуны, возможно, не являлись исходным, хозяином для. предковых форм. хантавирусов.

Segregation of hantaviruses into clades that parallel the molecular phylogeny of rodents (order Rodentia) in the Murinae, Arvicolinae, Neotominae and Sigmodontinae subfamilies suggests that hantaviruses may have co-evolved with their reservoir hosts. Recently, however, host switching and local species-specific adaptation have been proposed, to account for the similarities between host and. virus phylogenies. The demonstration, that Thottapalayam. virus, a hantavirus isolated, from the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus), represents an early evolutionary divergence from other hantaviruses has spurred, a search, to ascertain if small mammals having shared, ecosystems with, rodents, such, as shrews (order Soricomorpha, family Soricidae) and. moles (family Tal-pidae), as well as bats (order Chiroptera), may have figured prominently in the evolution and. diversification of hantaviruses. Archival tissues from 1,258 shrews (47 species), 152 moles (10 species) and. 329 bats (32 species), captured, in Europe, Asia, Africa and. North. America in 1980-2012, were analyzed, for hantavirus RNA by RT-PCR. The realization, that newfound, hantaviruses detected, in soricomorphs are genetically more diverse than those harbored, by rodents suggests that the evolutionary history of hantaviruses is more ancient and. complex than previously conjectured and. that ancestral rodents may not have been the original mammalian hosts of primordial hantaviruses.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.